Bibliometric analyses of COVID-19 research
Applications for the bibliometric Co-occurrence analysis:
- Offers an overview of:
- the structure of topics investigated,
- the relative focus, as measured by the number of occurrences, shown as the size of nodes.
- The different colors indicate different general research foci.
- Identifying the most relevant search terms.
- The keywords in the map are those commonly used by article authors, with differences across the research areas. Identifying the most relevant terms can help narrow the search to the most relevant articles.
To access the interactive map, you need to open the graph in VosViewer, which allows you to search the map, see what keywords are connected, and the strength of the connection between each node in the graph diagram. To open the map in VosViewer, Please click here, and allow it to download, then open the file and allow Java to run. For a video demonstration of how to do this, please see here.
For more information about what a bibliometric keyword co-occurrence analysis is, please see the About page. The data is downloaded from PubMed.
Insights and trends
Some insights from the weekly bibliometric keyword co-occurrence analyses conducted since March 2020 include that there has been a very rapid increase in COVID-19 literature. From 992 on March 16th, when we initiated this project, to over 50 000 now. Below we refer to some insights and trends. For more details, please read the individual blog posts.
Early in the pandemic, the research focus, based on 1323 publications on March 23rd, was on topics within “Health and pandemic management,” “The disease and its pathophysiology,” “Clinical epidemiology of the disease,” and “Treatment of the disease”. Please see the preprint for a more detailed description
About a month later, on April 20th, the number of publications had increased with 395%; to 5228. Moreover, the research landscape had changed somewhat. The topics studied can be described as 1) «A global virus pandemic» including topics within “preventive epidemiology” and “care management.” 2) “Disease epidemiology,” 3) “Pathophysiology and origin,” including topics within “viral biology” and “drug treatment”, 4) “Clinical epidemiology”, and 5) a fifth cluster includes topics on mental health and attitudes. The topic of mental health starts to emerge as a research focus within the COVID-19 pandemic research. During March and April, several countries have introduced strict social distancing measures to reduce the spread of the covid-19 virus. New research focuses on how the pandemic affects people’s mental health and feelings of isolation and loneliness. For more details, click here
On July 23rd, the focus of the most recent literature was on 1) Public health strategies, treatment, and the global impact of COVID-19, 2) the role of existing drugs and vaccines in the current pandemic, 3) demographics and risk factors, 4) literature concentrated on understanding the nature of the virus, and 5) COVID-19 and mental health. For more details, check out this post
For an illustration of the change in research trends across the very early stages of the pandemic and later stages, please see our post from September 23rd 2020: Click here
Growth in number of documents by month:
Date | Nr. of docs in PubMed |
2020 | |
16th March | 992 |
6th April | 2684 |
4th May | 8791 |
1st June | 17356 |
6th July | 28256 |
3rd August | 36201 |
7th September | 48067 |
5th October | 56023 |
2nd November | 64184 |
4th December | 74801 |
2021 | |
3rd January | 87286 |
7th February | 97147 |
7th March | 106888 |
7th April | 116545 |
2nd May | 125521 |
6th June | 136870 |
4th July | 146730 |
2nd August | 154918 |
5th September | 165638 |
3rd October | 174892 |
7th November | 185423 |
5th December | 194349 |
2022 | |
2nd January | 202962 |
6th February | 213578 |
6th March | 222742 |
3rd April | 231268 |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature published during March 2022
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from March 6th to April 3rd, 2022.
The analysis is based on 8526 publications, which gave 1059 keywords that appear in 5 or more manuscripts, divided into 7 clusters.
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from April 2022, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
In the table below, we have listed the 20 most central keywords in each cluster.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Clutster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | Cluster 7 | |
adolescent | hospitalization | animals | public health | covid-19 vaccines | rna, viral | pregnancy | |
children | risk factor | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | telemedicine | vaccination | covid-19 testing | infant | |
mental health | mortality | antibodies, viral | epidemiology | vaccine | machine learning | breastfeeding | |
anxiety | inflammation | antibodies, neutralizing | social media | bnt162 vaccine | deep learning | pregnancy complications, infectious | |
communicable disease control | aged, 80 and over | mice | infectious diseases | vaccines, synthetic | artificial intelligence | infectious disease transmission, vertical | |
depression | cytokines | ace2 | delivery of health care | vaccine hesitancy | diagnosis | milk, human | |
stress | incidence | antibody | ethnicity | mrna vaccines | ct | magnetic resonance imaging | |
health personnel | infection | immunity | policy | viral vaccines | world health organization | women | |
students | biomarkers | antiviral agents | health policy | influenza, human | algorithms | brain | |
attitude | intensive care units | lung | communication | rna, messenger | nucleic acid amplification techniques | tertiary care centers | |
disease outbreaks | obesity | immunoglobulin g | epidemic | neoplasms | real time polymerase chain reaction | mothers | |
lockdown | vitamin d | viruses | infection control | vaccination hesitancy | saliva | placenta | |
quality of life | severity of illness index | molecular docking simulation | patient acceptance of health care | cancer | bayes theorem | cesarean section | |
exercise | pneumonia | mutation | technology | time factors | screening | guidelines | |
quarantine | hospitals | antibodies, monoclonal | ethics | hiv | molecular diagnostic techniques | lactation | |
prevalence | age factors | omicron | social determinants of health | hiv infections | nasopharynx | smell | |
physical activity | critical care | seroepidemiologic studies | ontario | chadox1 ncov-19 | smartphone | blood pressure | |
health knowledge, attitudes, practice | treatment outcome | neutralization tests | primary care | vaccine efficacy | reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction | postpartum | |
universities | respiration, artificial | protein binding | trust | myocarditis | biosensing techniques | obstetrics | |
health care | comorbidity | viral load | contact tracing | influenza vaccines | point-of-care systems | asymptomatic infections |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature published during August 2021
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from August 2nd to September 5th.
The analysis is based on 10720 publications, which gave 1288 keywords that appear in 5 or more manuscripts, that divide into 5 clusters.
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from September, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
In the table below, we have listed the 20 most central keywords in each cluster.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
adolescent | risk factor | animals | covid-19 testing | covid-19 vaccines |
children | aged, 80 and over | antibodies, viral | rna, viral | vaccination |
mental health | infant | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | viruses | vaccine |
public health | severity of illness index | ace2 | covid-19 nucleic acid testing | immunogenicity, vaccine |
anxiety | inflammation | antibodies, neutralizing | nasopharynx | vaccine hesitancy |
communicable disease control | hospitalization | antiviral agents | real time polymerase chain reaction | safety |
depression | pregnancy | chlorocebus aethiops | algorithms | influenza, human |
health personnel | time factors | immunoglobulin g | machine learning | healthcare workers |
stress | mortality | mice | respiratory infections | vaccines, synthetic |
telemedicine | prevalence | vero cells | zoonosis | influenza vaccines |
epidemiology | treatment outcome | cytokines | diagnosis | immunocompromised host |
disease outbreaks | comorbidity | virus replication | deep learning | vaccines, inactivated |
quarantine | intensive care units | lung | specimen handling | immunization |
students | prognosis | mutation | saliva | adaptive immunity |
lockdown | age factors | protein binding | polymerase chain reaction | patient safety |
exercise | biomarkers | antibody | mass screening | myocarditis |
quality of life | risk assessment | viral load | transmission | practice guidelines as topic |
health policy | hospital mortality | molecular docking simulation | laboratory | immunity, herd |
infectious diseases | infection | spike protein | artificial intelligence | mass vaccination |
infection control | ct | antibodies, monoclonal | air pollution | influenza |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature as of August 2021
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from July 4th to August 2nd.
The analysis is based on 8188 publications, which gave 897 keywords that appear in 5 or more manuscripts, that divide into 7 clusters.
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from August, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | Cluster 7 |
adolescent | animals | risk factor | public health | covid-19 vaccines | rna, viral | pregnancy |
children | ace2 | aged, 80 and over | epidemiology | vaccination | covid-19 testing | cardiovascular diseases |
anxiety | inflammation | hospitalization | health personnel | vaccine | real time polymerase chain reaction | pregnancy complications, infectious |
mental health | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | mortality | health policy | antibody | covid-19 nucleic acid testing | elderly |
depression | antibodies, viral | severity of illness index | infectious diseases | cancer | nasopharynx | health care |
communicable disease control | antiviral agents | prognosis | viruses | thrombosis | saliva | modeling |
infant | cytokines | intensive care units | infection control | healthcare workers | covid-19 serological testing | immune system |
stress | antibodies, neutralizing | time factors | infection | vaccine hesitancy | mass screening | infectious disease transmission, vertical |
telemedicine | mice | comorbidity | respiratory infections | safety | immunoassay | placenta |
lockdown | lung | biomarkers | global health | diagnosis | specimen handling | premature birth |
disease outbreaks | immunity | risk assessment | socioeconomic factors | serology | rna | cesarean section |
quarantine | antibodies, monoclonal | treatment outcome | delivery of health care | treatment | antigens, viral | ontario |
exercise | chlorocebus aethiops | age factors | policy | immunology | reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction | wound healing |
attitude | vero cells | hospital mortality | communication | neoplasms | early diagnosis | pathology |
quality of life | cytokine release syndrome | obesity | zoonosis | myocarditis | screening | neurology |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature as of July 2021
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from June 7 to July 4th.
The analysis is based on 9860 publications, which gave 1241keywords that appear in 5 or more manuscripts, that divide into 6 cluster.
Cluster 1 |
Cluster 2 |
Cluster 3 |
||||||||
Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | ||
adolescent | 234 | 1164 | risk factor | 191 | 949 | public health | 229 | 707 | ||
children | 256 | 1052 | aged, 80 and over | 136 | 852 | telemedicine | 213 | 463 | ||
anxiety | 219 | 787 | severity of illness index | 124 | 841 | epidemiology | 124 | 362 | ||
communicable disease control | 163 | 719 | hospitalization | 121 | 696 | covid-19 testing | 84 | 330 | ||
mental health | 233 | 713 | mortality | 173 | 511 | infection control | 61 | 274 | ||
depression | 186 | 683 | comorbidity | 74 | 469 | health policy | 59 | 249 | ||
health personnel | 128 | 513 | inflammation | 101 | 411 | infection | 66 | 197 | ||
stress | 126 | 503 | treatment outcome | 76 | 402 | infectious diseases | 79 | 191 | ||
prevalence | 89 | 370 | biomarkers | 72 | 382 | hospitals | 48 | 190 | ||
quarantine | 91 | 324 | incidence | 81 | 381 | delivery of health care | 50 | 189 | ||
physical distancing | 55 | 259 | intensive care units | 77 | 373 | health services accessibility | 34 | 183 | ||
disease outbreaks | 57 | 250 | prognosis | 77 | 373 | global health | 51 | 176 | ||
healthcare workers | 74 | 228 | age factors | 45 | 348 | personal protective equipment | 56 | 152 | ||
students | 51 | 214 | hospital mortality | 44 | 314 | primary healthcare | 30 | 135 | ||
lockdown | 109 | 203 | risk assessment | 41 | 263 | healthcare disparities | 25 | 127 | ||
Cluster 4 |
Cluster 5 |
Cluster 6 |
||||||||
Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | Keyword | Weighted degree | Occurrence | ||
animals | 146 | 1033 | covid-19 vaccines | 226 | 877 | machine learning | 48 | 118 | ||
antibodies, viral | 94 | 640 | vaccination | 225 | 724 | cities | 27 | 108 | ||
spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | 95 | 630 | vaccine | 240 | 652 | air pollution | 23 | 81 | ||
antiviral agents | 93 | 580 | infant | 71 | 385 | algorithms | 21 | 78 | ||
ace2 | 122 | 550 | pregnancy | 120 | 385 | artificial intelligence | 29 | 74 | ||
rna, viral | 70 | 369 | viruses | 65 | 222 | air pollutants | 15 | 69 | ||
chlorocebus aethiops | 37 | 352 | epidemic | 66 | 186 | deep learning | 39 | 66 | ||
vero cells | 35 | 329 | zoonosis | 34 | 161 | particulate matter | 15 | 66 | ||
antibodies, neutralizing | 41 | 325 | models, theoretical | 30 | 151 | environmental monitoring | 10 | 51 | ||
immunoglobulin g | 44 | 313 | immunity | 34 | 133 | neural networks, computer | 7 | 36 | ||
cytokines | 62 | 304 | immune response | 36 | 126 | beijing | 7 | 32 | ||
antibody | 78 | 293 | respiratory infections | 29 | 126 | prediction | 10 | 28 | ||
lung | 60 | 279 | influenza, human | 27 | 120 | transportation | 10 | 28 | ||
host pathogen interaction | 36 | 263 | influenza | 27 | 100 | radiography, thoracic | 6 | 27 | ||
real time polymerase chain reaction | 59 | 249 | pregnancy complications, infectious | 19 | 85 | radiology | 9 | 23 |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from March, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of COVID-19 and substance use research
In this post, we present research on substance use in a COVID-19 setting. The results are based on publications registered in PubMed as published from January 1st, 2020, to June 5th, 2021.
The analysis of all research including covid-19 terms, AND substance use-related terms in title or abstract in PubMed from January 1st, 2020 to June 5th, 2021, is based on 2243 articles, which gave 510 keywords that appear in 5 or more manuscripts, that divided into 5 clusters.
The red cluster could be called “risk factors.” It includes four main topics: a) comorbidity, underlying diseases, hospitalization, and treatment. b) age factors and how taste and smell may be affected. C) risk assessments and time factors, and d) a small cluster on pain and pain management.
The green cluster could be called “substance use disorders.” This cluster includes two main topics: a) opioid-related disorders and treatment of this with, e.g., methadone and buprenorphine. Telemedicine, prevention, and harm reduction are also central to this topic. b) Another topic is public health.
The yellow cluster could be called “smoking.” It includes one main topic: research on smoking nicotine, e-cigarettes, lungs, and inflammation.
The purple cluster could be called “mental health and health behaviors.” It includes two main topics: a) research on mental health, including anxiety and depression, stress, and psychological adaptation. b) A second cluster includes research on quarantine and lockdown, social isolation and loneliness, and different lifestyle factors and health behaviors such as exercise, sleep, alcohol use, diet.
The blue cluster could be called “alcohol and infection control.” The cluster includes four main topics: a) epidemiology and infectious diseases, outbreaks and testing, b) research on preventative measures such as the use of hand sanitizers and masks. c) A third topic is on hospitals, including both health care personnel and patients. d) alcohol in relation to infectious disease control and public policy.
The search: title/abstracts that included any of the following:
- COVID-19,
- SARS-CoV-2,
- severe acute respiratory syndrome
- coronavirus 2,
- 2019 novel coronavirus
- 2019-nCoV
- AND any of the following:
- alcohol,
- tobacco,
- smoking,
- snus,
- opioid,
- opiate,
- methadone,
- buprenorphine,
- cannabis,
- amphetamine,
- methamphetamine,
- nicotine,
- cocaine,
- ecstasy,
- MDMA,
- hash,
- heroin,
- kratom,
- hallucinogen,
- GHB,
- inhalants,
- ketamine,
- marijuana,
- khat,
- synthetic cathinone,
- benzodiazepine,
- z-hypnotic,
- cannabinol,
- LSD,
- snuff,
- pcp,
- thc,
- anabolic steroid,
- narcotic,
- depressants,
- illicit substance,
- illegal substance,
- psychoactive drug.
In the table below, we have listed the 20 most central keywords in each cluster.
Red cluster | Green cluster | Blue cluster | Yellow cluster | Purple cluster |
risk factor | opioid-related disorders | alcohol | smoking | adolescent |
comorbidity | telemedicine | communicable disease control | children | mental health |
aged, 80 and over | public health | health personnel | electronic nicotine delivery systems | alcohol use |
hospitalization | substance-related disorders | epidemiology | angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | anxiety |
severity of illness index | analgesics, opioid | socioeconomic factors | tobacco | depression |
age factors | health services accessibility | infection control | lung | quarantine |
mortality | buprenorphine | disinfection | inflammation | prevalence |
prognosis | opiate substitution treatment | hand sanitizers | animals | lockdown |
sex factors | opioid use disorder | social media | vaping | alcohol use disorder |
obesity | smoking cessation | hand hygiene | ace2 | stress, psychological |
diabetes mellitus | opioids | ethanol | nicotine | exercise |
cardiovascular diseases | cannabis | covid-19 testing | child, preschool | social isolation |
hypertension | substance use | emergency service, hospital | antiviral agents | health behavior |
treatment outcome | delivery of health care | global health | infant | life style |
risk assessment | narcotic antagonists | hand disinfection | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | stress |
incidence | harm reduction | health knowledge, attitudes, practice | smokers | diet |
respiration, artificial | mental disorders | masks | sars | physical activity |
hospital mortality | methadone | disease outbreaks | tobacco smoking | feeding behavior |
intensive care units | drug overdose | health status | cigarette smoking | lifestyle |
pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive | health policy | personal protective equipment | cytokines | sleep |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files on CovidSubstanceUse saved in June 2021, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature as of May 2021
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from April 5th to May 2nd, as well as all articles published up to this date.
The analysis of all research in PubMed up to 2nd May, is based on 125 521 pulications, which gave 4160 keywords that appear in 10 or more manuscripts, that divide into 6 cluster.
The first four clusters are reasonably similar in size, while cluster 5 is about 60% of the size of cluster 1, and cluster six only has 24 terms.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | |
Nr. terms in cluster | 1020 | 909 | 824 | 802 | 581 | 24 |
sars | risk factor | public health | telemedicine | children | anosmia | |
animals | aged, 80 and over | china | infection control | adolescent | recovery | |
infection | retrospective studies | united states | personal protective equipment | cross-sectional studies | smell | |
antiviral agents | hospitalization | infectious diseases | delivery of health care | quarantine | olfaction disorders | |
inflammation | mortality | epidemiology | prevention | surveys and questionnaires | ageusia | |
viruses | comorbidity | disease outbreaks | masks | mental health | dysgeusia | |
vaccine | severity of illness index | communicable disease control | neoplasms | stress | taste | |
clinical laboratory techniques | pneumonia | time factors | cancer | health personnel | hyposmia | |
ace2 | risk assessment | global health | safety | pregnancy | taste disorders | |
hydroxychloroquine | treatment outcome | covid-19 vaccines | practice guidelines as topic | infant | symptom | |
cytokines | intensive care units | health policy | hospitals | anxiety | olfaction | |
antibodies, viral | critical care | united kingdom | pediatrics | child, preschool | olfactory dysfunction | |
spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | prognosis | covid-19 testing | ambulatory care | depression | olfactory | |
treatment | prospective studies | epidemic | cross infection | prevalence | allergic rhinitis | |
rna, viral | lung | india | education | lockdown | epidemiological | |
diagnosis | age factors | incidence | emergency service, hospital | spain | smell loss | |
mers | cohort studies | vaccination | triage | social distancing | rhinitis | |
cytokine storm | biomarkers | physical distancing | primary healthcare | social isolation | gustatory dysfunction | |
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | diabetes mellitus | brazil | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | healthcare workers | olfactory bulb | |
respiratory infections | respiration, artificial | communication | patient safety | quality of life | taste loss |
For the month of April 2021:
During this time, there were 8976 publications, and 503 keywords occurred in ten or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into 5 clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
In the table below, we have listed the 10 most central keywords in each cluster.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | |
Nr. terms in cluster | 133 | 128 | 114 | 91 | 31 | 6 |
aged, 80 and over | cross-sectional studies | covid-19 vaccines | animals | adolescent | air pollution | |
retrospective studies | surveys and questionnaires | public health | antibodies, viral | children | particulate matter | |
risk factor | communicable disease control | vaccination | antiviral agents | infant | air pollutants | |
hospitalization | mental health | vaccine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | child, preschool | environmental monitoring | |
china | anxiety | covid-19 testing | covid-19 nucleic acid testing | united states | temperature | |
comorbidity | depression | epidemiology | angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | pregnancy | air quality | |
severity of illness index | health personnel | incidence | rna, viral | socioeconomic factors | ||
age factors | quarantine | disease outbreaks | immunoglobulin g | health status disparities | ||
intensive care units | telemedicine | global health | covid-19 serological testing | schools | ||
inflammation | stress, psychological | physical distancing | antibody | pregnancy complications, infectious | ||
mortality | lockdown | health policy | coronavirus infection | ethnic groups | ||
prospective studies | spain | india | sensitivity and specificity | social determinants of health | ||
cohort studies | health knowledge, attitudes, practice | infection control | antibodies, neutralizing | systemic inflammatory response syndrome | ||
time factors | exercise | viruses | sars | infectious disease transmission, vertical | ||
prognosis | stress | infectious diseases | seroepidemiologic studies | republic of korea |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from March, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature March 8th to April 4th
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from March 8th to April 4th. During this time, there were 9653 publications, and 637 keywords occurred in ten or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into 5 clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
In the table below, we have listed the 10 most central keywords in each cluster.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
Aged, 80 and over | Cross-sectional studies | Covid-19 vaccines | Animals | Adolescent |
Risk factor | Surveys and questionnaires | United States | Antibodies, viral | Children |
Retrospective studies | Communicable disease control | Public health | Antiviral agents | Child, preschool |
Hospitalization | Anxiety | Covid-19 testing | Spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | Infant |
Severity of illness index | Mental health | Telemedicine | Lung | Pregnancy |
Comorbidity | Quarantine | Epidemiology | Antibodies, neutralizing | Schools |
Age factors | China | United Kingdom | Immunoglobulin g | Age distribution |
Cohort studies | Depression | Vaccination | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | Pregnancy complications, infectious |
Treatment outcome | Health personnel | Disease outbreaks | RNA, viral | Systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
Prospective studies | Italy | Time factors | Covid-19 nucleic acid testing | Family characteristics |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from March, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature Feb 8th to March 7th
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published from February 8th to March 7th. During this time, there were 9741 publications, and 654 keywords occurred in ten or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into 7 clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
In the table below, we have listed the 10 most central keywords in each cluster.
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | Cluster 6 | Cluster 7 |
severity of illness index | pandemic | mental health | infant | female | china | adult |
animals | cross-sectional studies | anxiety | antibodies, viral | male | italy | young adult |
covid-19 vaccines | surveys and questionnaires | depression | cohort studies | middle aged | incidence | adolescent |
prognosis | public health | quarantine | covid-19 testing | aged | spain | children |
vaccine | communicable disease control | stress, psychological | pregnancy | aged, 80 and over | cities | child, preschool |
intensive care units | united states | stress | covid-19 nucleic acid testing | retrospective studies | models, statistical | age factors |
mortality | telemedicine | lockdown | prevalence | risk factor | poland | sex factors |
treatment outcome | health personnel | india | time factors | hospitalization | air pollution | israel |
spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | epidemiology | adaptation, psychological | immunoglobulin g | comorbidity | aerosols | age distribution |
antiviral agents | health knowledge, attitudes, practice | quality of life | sensitivity and specificity | risk assessment | england | influenza vaccines |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from March, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the COVID-19 literature in January 2021
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published during January 2021. During this month, there were 9861 publications, and 1239 keywords occurred in five or more manuscripts. We used two resolutions this month, both 1, and 1.5. The keywords divided into 6 and 12 clusters respectively. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
In the table below, we have listed the 15 most central keywords in each cluster in the higher resolution map.
The topic in each cluster seems to be:
Cluster 1: Health care delivery |
Cluster 2: Virus genetics |
Cluster 3: Mental health issues |
Cluster 4: Health care delivery |
Cluster 5: Public health |
Cluster 6: Testing |
Cluster 7: Risk factors and mortality |
Cluster 8: Vaccines and ethics |
Cluster 9: Education and communicatioin |
Cluster 10: Treatment |
Cluster 11: Demographic |
Cluster 12: Pregnancy |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from January 6th, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword | Weighted Degree | Occurrences |
Cluster 1: Health care delivery |
||
retrospective studies | 1219 | 165 |
hospitalization | 983 | 118 |
severity of illness index | 820 | 106 |
treatment outcome | 605 | 70 |
time factors | 487 | 55 |
prognosis | 474 | 88 |
prospective studies | 418 | 56 |
intensive care units | 412 | 73 |
cohort studies | 394 | 60 |
lung | 360 | 62 |
respiration, artificial | 357 | 38 |
critical care | 338 | 67 |
pneumonia | 304 | 81 |
biomarkers | 281 | 53 |
Cluster 2: Virus genetics |
||
animals | 652 | 98 |
antibodies, viral | 608 | 70 |
spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | 583 | 75 |
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | 455 | 64 |
sars | 360 | 95 |
antibodies, neutralizing | 312 | 31 |
inflammation | 300 | 95 |
cytokines | 247 | 64 |
mice | 237 | 27 |
ace2 | 235 | 87 |
cross infection | 224 | 30 |
antibodies, monoclonal | 219 | 28 |
protein binding | 200 | 23 |
immunoglobulin g | 198 | 21 |
genome, viral | 183 | 29 |
Cluster 3: Mental health issues |
||
cross-sectional studies | 1173 | 156 |
surveys and questionnaires | 996 | 137 |
mental health | 783 | 190 |
anxiety | 764 | 183 |
depression | 635 | 150 |
stress, psychological | 348 | 41 |
health knowledge, attitudes, practice | 291 | 47 |
exercise | 255 | 44 |
lockdown | 244 | 104 |
students | 229 | 33 |
longitudinal studies | 216 | 27 |
social isolation | 215 | 42 |
logistic models | 205 | 20 |
stress | 196 | 60 |
quality of life | 195 | 52 |
Cluster 4: Health care delivery |
||
health personnel | 609 | 96 |
telemedicine | 599 | 245 |
united kingdom | 393 | 63 |
personal protective equipment | 370 | 93 |
infection control | 346 | 75 |
health services accessibility | 286 | 45 |
neoplasms | 286 | 47 |
delivery of health care | 264 | 51 |
hospitals | 193 | 34 |
primary healthcare | 189 | 32 |
qualitative research | 177 | 41 |
attitude of health personnel | 167 | 23 |
canada | 155 | 32 |
cancer | 147 | 47 |
nurses | 139 | 45 |
Cluster 5: Public health |
||
public health | 842 | 193 |
china | 740 | 127 |
quarantine | 740 | 124 |
communicable disease control | 554 | 100 |
epidemiology | 521 | 132 |
disease outbreaks | 494 | 72 |
physical distancing | 408 | 67 |
infectious diseases | 340 | 86 |
health policy | 337 | 70 |
global health | 286 | 69 |
brazil | 266 | 52 |
contact tracing | 232 | 42 |
models, theoretical | 195 | 33 |
epidemic | 190 | 60 |
masks | 188 | 46 |
Cluster 6: Testing |
||
covid-19 testing | 711 | 119 |
prevalence | 491 | 69 |
covid-19 nucleic acid testing | 369 | 42 |
rna, viral | 365 | 53 |
respiratory infections | 323 | 44 |
viruses | 319 | 57 |
viral load | 235 | 40 |
covid-19 serological testing | 227 | 25 |
disease transmission, infectious | 220 | 28 |
sensitivity and specificity | 220 | 30 |
reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction | 214 | 31 |
zoonosis | 210 | 31 |
seroepidemiologic studies | 205 | 23 |
antibody | 186 | 53 |
nasopharynx | 169 | 21 |
Cluster 7: Risk factors and mortality |
||
risk factor | 1239 | 197 |
comorbidity | 748 | 99 |
mortality | 675 | 187 |
diabetes mellitus | 397 | 52 |
age factors | 344 | 39 |
risk assessment | 289 | 45 |
cardiovascular diseases | 247 | 53 |
hypertension | 242 | 37 |
sex factors | 240 | 25 |
obesity | 239 | 53 |
republic of korea | 138 | 20 |
diabetes | 116 | 37 |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | 115 | 18 |
smoking | 115 | 18 |
body mass index | 113 | 12 |
Cluster 8: Vaccines and ethics |
||
united states | 686 | 131 |
covid-19 vaccines | 385 | 81 |
socioeconomic factors | 313 | 52 |
vaccine | 294 | 110 |
vaccination | 288 | 77 |
healthcare disparities | 157 | 28 |
health status disparities | 156 | 27 |
ethnic groups | 146 | 21 |
vulnerable populations | 143 | 27 |
influenza, human | 119 | 21 |
clinical trials | 93 | 37 |
immunization programs | 87 | 13 |
minority groups | 87 | 10 |
treatment | 87 | 40 |
social determinants of health | 86 | 20 |
Cluster 9: Education and communicatioin |
||
communication | 265 | 47 |
social media | 196 | 50 |
education, distance | 176 | 34 |
students, medical | 153 | 26 |
curriculum | 119 | 27 |
education, medical | 102 | 19 |
medical education | 97 | 33 |
leadership | 88 | 19 |
clinical competence | 81 | 14 |
nigeria | 77 | 19 |
california | 76 | 13 |
education | 76 | 28 |
education, medical, undergraduate | 65 | 10 |
misinformation | 61 | 12 |
consumer health information | 58 | 8 |
Cluster 10: Treatment |
||
antiviral agents | 791 | 108 |
hydroxychloroquine | 387 | 62 |
anti-bacterial agents | 328 | 32 |
drug repositioning | 280 | 39 |
clinical trials as topic | 271 | 36 |
azithromycin | 218 | 29 |
antimalarials | 181 | 21 |
drug combinations | 168 | 16 |
safety | 141 | 31 |
adenosine monophosphate | 131 | 14 |
alanine | 131 | 14 |
uncertainty | 124 | 24 |
drug synergism | 119 | 10 |
enzyme inhibitors | 110 | 8 |
efficacy | 93 | 13 |
Cluster 11: Demographic |
||
adolescent | 1672 | 200 |
aged, 80 and over | 1475 | 173 |
children | 1288 | 206 |
italy | 816 | 105 |
child, preschool | 691 | 72 |
infant | 644 | 77 |
incidence | 450 | 68 |
spain | 317 | 42 |
germany | 200 | 32 |
risk | 199 | 33 |
registry | 176 | 27 |
sex distribution | 165 | 14 |
age distribution | 163 | 14 |
databases, factual | 157 | 17 |
nursing homes | 145 | 32 |
Cluster 12: Pregnancy |
||
pregnancy | 410 | 95 |
coronavirus infection | 237 | 61 |
pregnancy complications, infectious | 162 | 23 |
anosmia | 96 | 32 |
infectious disease transmission, vertical | 62 | 8 |
smell | 55 | 17 |
delivery, obstetric | 52 | 5 |
dysgeusia | 50 | 9 |
data collection | 45 | 7 |
domestic violence | 42 | 9 |
pregnancy outcome | 38 | 6 |
hyposmia | 37 | 13 |
maternal mortality | 34 | 6 |
prenatal care | 31 | 6 |
breastfeeding | 29 | 13 |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the current focus of the COVID-19 literature – based on publications in December
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published during December 2020. During this month, there were 7 148 publications, and 907 keywords occurred in five or more manuscripts. We used a higher resolution this month, 1.5, and then the keywords divided into 10 clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
In the table below, we have listed the 15 most central keywords in each cluster. The topic in each cluster seems to be:
- Cluster 1: Vaccines.
- Cluster 2: Health care delivery
- Cluster 3: Mental health issues
- Cluster 4: Treatment
- Cluster 5: Public health
- Cluster 6: Testing
- Cluster 7: Risk factors and mortality
- Cluster 8: Children and socioeconomic factors
- Cluster 9: Pregnancy
- Cluster 10: Demographic
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from January 6th, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Cluster 1 | Occurrences |
antiviral agents | 62 |
inflammation | 84 |
animals | 49 |
sars | 66 |
hydroxychloroquine | 58 |
covid-19 vaccines | 42 |
vaccine | 85 |
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 | 39 |
spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | 33 |
chloroquine | 26 |
ace2 | 61 |
cytokines | 31 |
antibodies, monoclonal | 18 |
lopinavir | 11 |
ritonavir | 12 |
Cluster 2 | Occurrences |
united states | 77 |
telemedicine | 157 |
infection control | 60 |
personal protective equipment | 66 |
delivery of health care | 49 |
united kingdom | 25 |
health services accessibility | 31 |
masks | 34 |
singapore | 14 |
emergency service, hospital | 25 |
healthcare workers | 40 |
mass screening | 20 |
neoplasms | 20 |
kidney failure, chronic | 12 |
tertiary care centers | 16 |
Cluster 3 | Occurrences |
surveys and questionnaires | 113 |
cross-sectional studies | 107 |
mental health | 184 |
anxiety | 137 |
depression | 122 |
health personnel | 78 |
stress, psychological | 47 |
health knowledge, attitudes, practice | 32 |
mental disorders | 29 |
exercise | 34 |
students | 30 |
stress | 53 |
quality of life | 28 |
social media | 38 |
social isolation | 24 |
Cluster 4 | Occurrences |
treatment outcome | 47 |
coronavirus infection | 72 |
critical care | 62 |
intensive care units | 47 |
prospective studies | 35 |
viral pneumonia | 41 |
respiration, artificial | 25 |
cohort studies | 25 |
pneumonia | 60 |
respiratory distress syndrome | 25 |
case-control studies | 18 |
critical illness | 19 |
respiratory insufficiency | 20 |
randomized controlled trials as topic | 18 |
betacoronavirus | 17 |
Cluster 5 | Occurrences |
china | 123 |
public health | 166 |
quarantine | 86 |
physical distancing | 64 |
italy | 69 |
communicable disease control | 68 |
disease outbreaks | 63 |
epidemiology | 81 |
lockdown | 74 |
infectious diseases | 83 |
incidence | 37 |
contact tracing | 41 |
health policy | 56 |
spain | 27 |
france | 31 |
Cluster 6 | Occurrences |
covid-19 testing | 78 |
time factors | 41 |
tomography, x-ray computed | 40 |
lung | 42 |
antibodies, viral | 32 |
rna, viral | 29 |
asymptomatic infections | 25 |
covid-19 nucleic acid testing | 25 |
sensitivity and specificity | 29 |
viral load | 17 |
symptom assessment | 9 |
reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction | 13 |
algorithms | 14 |
real time polymerase chain reaction | 32 |
nasopharynx | 12 |
Cluster 7 | Occurrences |
retrospective studies | 130 |
risk factor | 139 |
hospitalization | 77 |
comorbidity | 76 |
severity of illness index | 59 |
mortality | 112 |
prognosis | 66 |
hospital mortality | 30 |
biomarkers | 44 |
hypertension | 36 |
risk assessment | 27 |
logistic models | 15 |
diabetes mellitus | 33 |
follow-up | 19 |
obesity | 38 |
Cluster 8 | Occurrences |
young adult | 165 |
adolescent | 160 |
children | 140 |
child, preschool | 53 |
infant | 65 |
age factors | 34 |
brazil | 43 |
sex factors | 20 |
socioeconomic factors | 21 |
schools | 22 |
hospitals | 23 |
ethnic groups | 11 |
health status disparities | 13 |
parents | 16 |
disease transmission, infectious | 12 |
Cluster 9 | Occurrences |
pregnancy | 51 |
infection | 38 |
pregnancy complications, infectious | 10 |
pregnant women | 12 |
mothers | 6 |
alcohol drinking | 6 |
cesarean section | 6 |
new york | 5 |
breastfeeding | 6 |
vertical transmission | 9 |
disability | 6 |
antibody response | 5 |
neutralizing antibodies | 5 |
Cluster 10 | Occurrences |
female | 544 |
male | 531 |
middle aged | 381 |
adult | 392 |
aged | 293 |
aged, 80 and over | 137 |
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the current focus of the COVID-19 literature – based on publications in October and November
In this post, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published during October and November. During these two months, there were 21 758 publications, and 649 keywords occurred in eight or more manuscripts. These divided into four main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 10.
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from December 1st, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository: https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the current focus of the COVID-19 literature
In this week’s update, we present the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published during the past three weeks (September 28th to October 18th). There were 527 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 10.
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the Keyword co-occurrence MAP and NET files from October 19th, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to September 28th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed September 28th consisted of 53994 publications. There were 3300 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
public health | pneumonia | pandemic | sars | female |
telemedicine | mortality | coronavirus infection | animals | male |
epidemiology | hydroxychloroquine | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | middle aged |
mental health | inflammation | betacoronavirus | viruses | adult |
epidemic | ace2 | china | zoonosis | aged |
personal protective equipment | infection | disease outbreaks | mers | children |
anxiety | cytokines | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | clinical laboratory techniques |
infectious diseases | acute respiratory distress syndrome | quarantine | vaccine | young adult |
depression | chloroquine | united states | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | adolescent |
outbreak | treatment | global health | respiratory infections | risk factor |
health policy | critical illness | italy | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies |
social distancing | hypertension | travel | diagnosis | tomography, x-ray computed |
prevention | cardiovascular diseases | surveys and questionnaires | viral vaccines | aged, 80 and over |
transmission | cytokine storm | health personnel | genome, viral | lung |
india | ards | time factors | clinical trials as topic | infant |
social media | diabetes mellitus | risk assessment | phylogeny | comorbidity |
stress | stroke | critical care | chiroptera | treatment outcome |
lockdown | obesity | cross-sectional studies | wuhan | fever |
cancer | remdesivir | practice guidelines as topic | antibody | child, preschool |
healthcare workers | thrombosis | contact tracing | antibodies, monoclonal | severity of illness index |
triage | lopinavir | world health organization | receptors, virus | pregnancy |
risk | diabetes | delivery of health care | immunization, passive | hospitalization |
safety | tocilizumab | brazil | host-pathogen interactions | prognosis |
surgery | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | united kingdom | alanine | intensive care units |
education | acute kidney injury | communicable disease control | drug repositioning | real time polymerase chain reaction |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graphs comparing COVID-19 research focus in the very early stages (up to March 23rd, 2020) to the focus in August 2020.
In this post, we compare the focus of the COVID-19 literature published in the very early stages of the pandemic (up to March 23rd) to the focus of literature published during August 2020.
The first graph below is based on the literature based on the Corpus downloaded from PubMed 23rd March. The literature consisted of 1323 publications, of which there were 225 keywords that occurred in three or more manuscripts. These divided into four clusters, that are described in this preprint
The second graph below is based on COVID-19 literature published during August 2020. The literature consisted of 10901 publications, of which there were 1179 keywords that occurred in 5 or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 15. We provide a brief description of the clusters from the August COVID-19 litterature: Within cluster 1 (red), the “Pandemic of viral pneumonia; public health and world spread”, we found topics relating to “Public health concerns” “health personnel, education and behavior”, “Guidelines and health care”, and “vulnerabilities in health care”. Cluster 2 (green), “Treatment of COVID-19”, include topics relating to “Epidemiology of virus transmission” “Antiviral agents and vaccines”, “Cancer and chemotherapy”, “Angiotensin and diabetes” and “Antibodies and passive immunization” Central themes in cluster 3 (blue), “Epidemiology of the pandemic and disease”, are “Respiratory illness and care”, “Risk factors and mortality”, “Clinical investigation and diagnosis” and “Population epidemiology”. Central themes in cluster 4 (yellow), “Surveys of disease and mental health”, are topics relating to “Population surveys and anxieties” and “Health care and migration”. Cluster 5 (purple), is dominated by one single theme, namely topics relating to “Lab-work and diagnostics”; which is also what we labeled this cluster.
When inspecting and comparing the network graphs illustrating the COVID-19 literature published during August and one published during the early phase (January 1st – March 23rd, 2020), we notice some consistent themes, and some emerging themes. Much of what was being covered during the early phase is still in focus. For instance, the topics from the “health and pandemic management” cluster from the early phase is reflected in the topics covered in the “Pandemic of viral pneumonia; public health and world spread” cluster in the August literature network graph. Early in the pandemic, there was not however, a focus on mental health issues. This has become an additional focus later in the pandemic, and is evident in the “Surveys of disease and mental health” in the August literature network graph. These are just some examples of insights that can be gained from comparing network graphs from different time periods.
Figure 1: The research focus in the very early Covid-19 literature
Figure 1 Notes: Red cluster: Health and pandemic management; Green cluster: The disease and its pathophysiology; Blue cluster: Clinical epidemiology of the disease; Yellow cluster: Treatment of the disease.
Figure 2 (below): The research focus in a later stage of the Covid-19 literature
Figure 2 notes: Red cluster: Pandemic of viral pneumonia; public health and world spread; Green cluster: Treatment of COVID-19; Blue cluster: Epidemiology of the pandemic and disease; Yellow cluster: Surveys of disease and mental health; Purple cluster: Lab-work and diagnostics.
Tables of most central keywords in each cluster; in literature published during the early phase of the pandemic, and literature published during August.
The tables below provide an overview of the most central keywords in each cluster in the two time-periods. We extracted more keywords from the second time period as there was substantially more literature published in August alone, than the first 12 weeks of 2020, which the first map is based on. (Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality)
Table 1: Most frequent keywords in the very early Covid-19 literature
Health and pandemic management (Red) |
The disease and its pathophysiology (Yellow) |
Clinical epidemiology of the disease (Blue) |
Treatment of the disease (Green) |
coronavirus infection | pneumonia | female | sars |
viral pneumonia | outbreak | adult | animals |
betacoronavirus | epidemiology | male | genome, viral |
china | antiviral agents | middle aged | phylogeny |
disease outbreaks | viruses | aged | zoonosis |
travel | republic of korea | young adult | wuhan |
pandemic | lopinavir | fever | chiroptera |
global health | transmission | tomography, x-ray computed | communicable diseases, emerging |
infection control | ritonavir | children | disease reservoirs |
public health | mortality | lung | peptidyl-dipeptidase a |
Table 2 (below): Most frequent keywords in a later stage of the Covid-19 literature
Pandemic of viral pneumonia; public health and world spread (Red) | Treatment of COVID-19 (Green) | Epidemiology of the pandemic and disease (Blue) | Surveys of disease and mental health (Yellow) | Lab-work and diagnostics (Purple) |
pandemic | antiviral agents | female | surveys and questionnaires | clinical laboratory techniques |
coronavirus infection | animals | male | cross-sectional studies | rna, viral |
viral pneumonia | sars | middle aged | anxiety | real time polymerase chain reaction |
betacoronavirus | inflammation | adult | health personnel | antibodies, viral |
public health | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | aged | mental health | sensitivity and specificity |
united states | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult | pregnancy | reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction |
quarantine | epidemiology | adolescent | depression | reproducibility of results |
infection control | cytokines | aged, 80 and over | prevalence | immunoglobulin g |
italy | hydroxychloroquine | retrospective studies | exercise | diagnosis |
telemedicine | viral vaccines | children | stress, psychological | serological test |
disease outbreaks | antibodies, monoclonal | china | pregnancy complications, infectious | polymerase chain reaction |
communicable disease control | ace2 | risk factor | health knowledge, attitudes, practice | seroepidemiologic studies |
delivery of health care | interleukin-6 | severity of illness index | adaptation, psychological | asymptomatic infections |
global health | infection | treatment outcome | risk | immunoglobulin m |
personal protective equipment | vaccine | comorbidity | stress | molecular diagnostic techniques |
infectious diseases | viruses | hospitalization | nurses | asymptomatic diseases |
health policy | cytokine release syndrome | child, preschool | attitude of health personnel | specimen handling |
social isolation | host-pathogen interactions | tomography, x-ray computed | health behavior | family characteristics |
united kingdom | protein binding | infant | fear | olfaction disorders |
practice guidelines as topic | molecular docking simulation | risk assessment | students | nasopharynx |
To open the maps directly in VOSviewer, please use the relevant MAP and NET files (Co-occurrence files from March 23rd and the files for August2020Total, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to September 21st, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed September 21st include 52105 publications. There were 3258 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
public health | pneumonia | pandemic | sars | female |
telemedicine | mortality | coronavirus infection | animals | male |
epidemiology | hydroxychloroquine | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | middle aged |
mental health | inflammation | betacoronavirus | viruses | adult |
epidemic | ace2 | china | zoonosis | aged |
personal protective equipment | infection | disease outbreaks | mers | children |
anxiety | cytokines | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | clinical laboratory techniques |
infectious diseases | acute respiratory distress syndrome | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
outbreak | chloroquine | united states | vaccine | adolescent |
depression | treatment | global health | antibodies, viral | risk factor |
health policy | critical illness | italy | respiratory infections | retrospective studies |
social distancing | cardiovascular diseases | travel | diagnosis | tomography, x-ray computed |
prevention | hypertension | surveys and questionnaires | viral vaccines | aged, 80 and over |
transmission | cytokine storm | health personnel | genome, viral | lung |
india | ards | time factors | clinical trials as topic | infant |
social media | diabetes mellitus | risk assessment | phylogeny | comorbidity |
stress | stroke | critical care | chiroptera | fever |
lockdown | remdesivir | practice guidelines as topic | wuhan | treatment outcome |
cancer | obesity | contact tracing | antibodies, monoclonal | child, preschool |
healthcare workers | thrombosis | world health organization | receptors, virus | severity of illness index |
triage | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | delivery of health care | antibody | pregnancy |
risk | lopinavir | brazil | immunization, passive | hospitalization |
safety | tocilizumab | united kingdom | alanine | prognosis |
surgery | diabetes | incidence | drug repositioning | intensive care units |
virology | randomised controlled trial | communicable disease control | host-pathogen interactions | real time polymerase chain reaction |
knowledge | acute kidney injury | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | adenosine monophosphate | cough |
ethics | influenza | republic of korea | virus replication | cross-sectional studies |
education | interleukin-6 | communication | virus internalization | respiration, artificial |
disinfection | ritonavir | stress, psychological | serology | age factors |
guidelines | meta-analysis | masks | molecular docking simulation | rna, viral |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the current focus of the COVID-19 literature
In this week’s update, we are presenting something slightly different; the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published during week 35-37 (August 24th-September 13th). This resulted in 8144 publications. There were 687 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into four main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 15.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 |
public health | treatment outcome | pandemic | male |
mental health | antiviral agents | coronavirus infection | female |
telemedicine | pneumonia | viral pneumonia | middle aged |
anxiety | time factors | betacoronavirus | adult |
epidemiology | sars | brazil | aged |
covid‐19 | mortality | clinical laboratory techniques | china |
depression | hydroxychloroquine | personal protective equipment | risk factor |
infectious diseases | respiration, artificial | united states | adolescent |
epidemic | inflammation | health personnel | young adult |
quarantine | host microbial interactions | pregnancy | children |
lockdown | ace2 | infection control | retrospective studies |
stress | cytokines | lung | aged, 80 and over |
global health | infection | nephrology | severity of illness index |
prevalence | randomized controlled trials as topic | australia | cross-sectional studies |
india | stroke | masks | surveys and questionnaires |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the “KeywordCoOccurrance5Inst1Resol1_20200914FocusAug24thToSep13th” MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to September 7th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed September 7th 48067 publications. There were 2960 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
public health | pneumonia | pandemic | sars | female |
epidemiology | mortality | coronavirus infection | animals | male |
telemedicine | hydroxychloroquine | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | middle aged |
epidemic | inflammation | betacoronavirus | viruses | adult |
mental health | infection | china | zoonosis | aged |
personal protective equipment | ace2 | disease outbreaks | mers | clinical laboratory techniques |
anxiety | acute respiratory distress syndrome | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | children |
infectious diseases | chloroquine | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
outbreak | cytokines | united states | antibodies, viral | adolescent |
depression | vaccine | global health | diagnosis | risk factor |
health policy | treatment | italy | respiratory infections | tomography, x-ray computed |
social distancing | hypertension | travel | viral vaccines | retrospective studies |
prevention | cardiovascular diseases | health personnel | genome, viral | aged, 80 and over |
communication | critical illness | surveys and questionnaires | clinical trials as topic | lung |
transmission | cytokine storm | time factors | phylogeny | infant |
social media | ards | critical care | chiroptera | fever |
internet | diabetes mellitus | risk assessment | wuhan | child, preschool |
lockdown | stroke | practice guidelines as topic | receptors, virus | comorbidity |
cancer | remdesivir | world health organization | antibodies, monoclonal | treatment outcome |
stress | obesity | contact tracing | immunization, passive | severity of illness index |
triage | lopinavir | delivery of health care | antibody | pregnancy |
risk | tocilizumab | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | alanine | hospitalization |
healthcare workers | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | united kingdom | drug repositioning | intensive care units |
safety | thrombosis | brazil | adenosine monophosphate | cough |
surgery | ct | communicable disease control | pathogenesis | real time polymerase chain reaction |
spain | computed tomography | stress, psychological | virus replication | prognosis |
education | diabetes | masks | communicable diseases, emerging | incidence |
ethics | ritonavir | republic of korea | spike protein | age factors |
virology | interleukin-6 | forecasting | virus internalization | cross-sectional studies |
knowledge | influenza | civil defense | serology | respiration, artificial |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to August 31st, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed August 31st 46037 publications. There were 2833 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
public health | pneumonia | pandemic | sars | female |
epidemiology | mortality | coronavirus infection | animals | male |
telemedicine | hydroxychloroquine | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | middle aged |
epidemic | inflammation | betacoronavirus | viruses | adult |
mental health | ace2 | china | zoonosis | aged |
personal protective equipment | infection | disease outbreaks | mers | clinical laboratory techniques |
infectious diseases | acute respiratory distress syndrome | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | children |
anxiety | chloroquine | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
outbreak | cytokines | united states | respiratory infections | adolescent |
depression | vaccine | global health | antibodies, viral | risk factor |
health policy | treatment | travel | diagnosis | tomography, x-ray computed |
social distancing | hypertension | italy | genome, viral | retrospective studies |
prevention | cardiovascular diseases | health personnel | viral vaccines | aged, 80 and over |
communication | critical illness | intensive care units | transmission | lung |
social media | cytokine storm | time factors | phylogeny | infant |
masks | ards | critical care | chiroptera | fever |
internet | diabetes mellitus | risk assessment | wuhan | child, preschool |
triage | stroke | practice guidelines as topic | receptors, virus | comorbidity |
healthcare workers | lopinavir | world health organization | immunization, passive | pregnancy |
lockdown | obesity | contact tracing | antibodies, monoclonal | severity of illness index |
cancer | remdesivir | incidence | drug repositioning | hospitalization |
risk | tocilizumab | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | antibody | treatment outcome |
stress | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | delivery of health care | alanine | cough |
safety | thrombosis | united kingdom | virus replication | real time polymerase chain reaction |
surgery | computed tomography | communicable disease control | adenosine monophosphate | surveys and questionnaires |
social isolation | diabetes | clinical trials as topic | communicable diseases, emerging | prognosis |
spain | influenza | stress, psychological | virus internalization | age factors |
ethics | interleukin-6 | republic of korea | disease reservoirs | respiration, artificial |
virology | ritonavir | civil defense | models, molecular | rna, viral |
education | ct | forecasting | serology | cross-sectional studies |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to August 24th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed August 24th 41913 publications. There were 2516 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | telemedicine | pandemic | sars | female |
epidemiology | mental health | coronavirus infection | animals | male |
mortality | personal protective equipment | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | adult |
hydroxychloroquine | anxiety | betacoronavirus | viruses | middle aged |
infectious diseases | depression | china | zoonosis | aged |
infection | social distancing | disease outbreaks | outbreak | clinical laboratory techniques |
inflammation | prevention | public health | mers | children |
ace2 | masks | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | young adult |
chloroquine | healthcare workers | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | adolescent |
acute respiratory distress syndrome | triage | united states | vaccine | tomography, x-ray computed |
cytokines | cancer | epidemic | antibodies, viral | risk factor |
treatment | safety | global health | respiratory infections | retrospective studies |
critical illness | spain | travel | genome, viral | lung |
hypertension | surgery | italy | viral vaccines | aged, 80 and over |
cardiovascular diseases | stress | health personnel | diagnosis | infant |
cytokine storm | lockdown | intensive care units | clinical trials as topic | fever |
ards | education | time factors | transmission | child, preschool |
diabetes mellitus | knowledge | health policy | phylogeny | comorbidity |
stroke | ethics | critical care | chiroptera | pregnancy |
obesity | guidelines | practice guidelines as topic | wuhan | hospitalization |
remdesivir | patient care | risk assessment | lopinavir | cough |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | nurses | contact tracing | receptors, virus | severity of illness index |
tocilizumab | psychiatry | world health organization | ritonavir | treatment outcome |
computed tomography | disinfection | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | antibodies, monoclonal | real time polymerase chain reaction |
diabetes | aerosols | delivery of health care | immunization, passive | surveys and questionnaires |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to August 17th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed August 17th 39914 publications. There were 2395 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts; this is the same number as last week. However, the order of the most frequently occurring keywords has changed slightly. The keywords divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
public health | pneumonia | pandemic | sars | male |
epidemiology | hydroxychloroquine | coronavirus infection | animals | female |
telemedicine | mortality | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | adult |
epidemic | infection | betacoronavirus | viruses | middle aged |
personal protective equipment | inflammation | china | zoonosis | aged |
mental health | ace2 | disease outbreaks | mers | clinical laboratory techniques |
infectious diseases | chloroquine | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | children |
outbreak | acute respiratory distress syndrome | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
anxiety | cytokines | united states | genome, viral | adolescent |
health policy | treatment | travel | respiratory infections | tomography, x-ray computed |
depression | vaccine | global health | antibodies, viral | risk factor |
social distancing | cardiovascular diseases | italy | viral vaccines | retrospective studies |
communication | hypertension | health personnel | diagnosis | lung |
prevention | critical illness | intensive care units | phylogeny | aged, 80 and over |
transmission | cytokine storm | critical care | chiroptera | infant |
social media | diabetes mellitus | practice guidelines as topic | wuhan | fever |
internet | ards | time factors | receptors, virus | child, preschool |
healthcare workers | lopinavir | risk assessment | immunization, passive | comorbidity |
triage | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | contact tracing | antibodies, monoclonal | pregnancy |
masks | remdesivir | world health organization | drug repositioning | cough |
risk | obesity | united kingdom | alanine | hospitalization |
cancer | tocilizumab | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | antibody | severity of illness index |
surgery | ritonavir | delivery of health care | adenosine monophosphate | real time polymerase chain reaction |
safety | diabetes | communicable disease control | communicable diseases, emerging | surveys and questionnaires |
spain | thrombosis | clinical trials as topic | virus replication | prognosis |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to August 10th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed August 10th 38271 publications. There were 2395 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 30.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | telemedicine | pandemic | sars | male |
epidemiology | personal protective equipment | coronavirus infection | animals | female |
hydroxychloroquine | mental health | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | adult |
infectious diseases | outbreak | betacoronavirus | viruses | middle aged |
mortality | anxiety | china | zoonosis | aged |
infection | depression | disease outbreaks | mers | clinical laboratory techniques |
inflammation | social distancing | public health | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | children |
ace2 | prevention | infection control | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
chloroquine | healthcare workers | quarantine | genome, viral | adolescent |
acute respiratory distress syndrome | triage | epidemic | respiratory infections | tomography, x-ray computed |
cytokines | masks | united states | vaccine | risk factor |
treatment | cancer | travel | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies |
cardiovascular diseases | surgery | global health | viral vaccines | lung |
hypertension | safety | italy | diagnosis | aged, 80 and over |
critical illness | spain | health personnel | clinical trials as topic | infant |
cytokine storm | stress | intensive care units | transmission | fever |
diabetes mellitus | lockdown | critical care | phylogeny | child, preschool |
ards | education | practice guidelines as topic | chiroptera | comorbidity |
lopinavir | guidelines | health policy | wuhan | pregnancy |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | knowledge | time factors | receptors, virus | cough |
remdesivir | ethics | risk assessment | immunization, passive | hospitalization |
obesity | patient care | contact tracing | antibodies, monoclonal | severity of illness index |
tocilizumab | psychiatry | world health organization | drug repositioning | real time polymerase chain reaction |
ritonavir | disinfection | united kingdom | alanine | surveys and questionnaires |
diabetes | aerosols | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | antibody | prognosis |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to August 3rd, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed August 3rd 36201 publications. There were 2262 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 25.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | telemedicine | pandemic | sars | male |
epidemiology | personal protective equipment | coronavirus infection | animals | female |
hydroxychloroquine | mental health | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | adult |
infectious diseases | anxiety | betacoronavirus | viruses | middle aged |
mortality | depression | china | zoonosis | aged |
infection | social distancing | disease outbreaks | outbreak | clinical laboratory techniques |
inflammation | prevention | public health | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | young adult |
ace2 | triage | infection control | mers | children |
chloroquine | masks | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | adolescent |
acute respiratory distress syndrome | healthcare workers | epidemic | genome, viral | tomography, x-ray computed |
cytokines | cancer | united states | antibodies, viral | risk factor |
vaccine | safety | travel | respiratory infections | retrospective studies |
treatment | surgery | global health | viral vaccines | lung |
cardiovascular diseases | stress | italy | clinical trials as topic | aged, 80 and over |
hypertension | lockdown | health personnel | phylogeny | infant |
critical illness | knowledge | intensive care units | transmission | fever |
diagnosis | guidelines | practice guidelines as topic | chiroptera | child, preschool |
cytokine storm | education | critical care | wuhan | comorbidity |
diabetes mellitus | ethics | time factors | receptors, virus | cough |
ards | patient care | health policy | immunization, passive | pregnancy |
lopinavir | disinfection | risk assessment | antibodies, monoclonal | hospitalization |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | psychiatry | world health organization | drug repositioning | severity of illness index |
remdesivir | aerosols | contact tracing | alanine | real time polymerase chain reaction |
obesity | palliative care | united kingdom | adenosine monophosphate | surveys and questionnaires |
tocilizumab | fear | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | antibody | treatment outcome |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to July 27th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed July 27th: 33970 publications. There were 2111 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | epidemiology | pandemic | sars | male |
hydroxychloroquine | telemedicine | coronavirus infection | animals | female |
mortality | personal protective equipment | viral pneumonia | antiviral agents | adult |
infection | outbreak | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged |
ace2 | mental health | china | viruses | aged |
inflammation | infectious diseases | disease outbreaks | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | clinical laboratory techniques |
chloroquine | anxiety | public health | mers | children |
acute respiratory distress syndrome | depression | infection control | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult |
cytokines | social distancing | quarantine | genome, viral | adolescent |
treatment | prevention | epidemic | antibodies, viral | tomography, x-ray computed |
cardiovascular diseases | transmission | united states | viral vaccines | risk factor |
critical illness | masks | travel | vaccine | retrospective studies |
diagnosis | triage | global health | respiratory infections | lung |
hypertension | healthcare workers | italy | clinical trials as topic | aged, 80 and over |
cytokine storm | cancer | health personnel | phylogeny | infant |
diabetes mellitus | safety | intensive care units | chiroptera | fever |
ards | surgery | practice guidelines as topic | wuhan | child, preschool |
lopinavir | stress | critical care | receptors, virus | comorbidity |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | virology | time factors | immunization, passive | cough |
remdesivir | guidelines | health policy | antibodies, monoclonal | pregnancy |
obesity | disease | risk assessment | drug repositioning | hospitalization |
ritonavir | knowledge | world health organization | alanine | severity of illness index |
tocilizumab | lockdown | contact tracing | adenosine monophosphate | real time polymerase chain reaction |
computed tomography | education | united kingdom | communicable diseases, emerging | surveys and questionnaires |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | patient care | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | models, molecular | prognosis |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph of the current focus of the COVID-19 literature
In this week’s update, we are presenting something slightly different; the current focus of the COVID-19 literature, based on publications registered in PubMed as published in the past 3 weeks (21 days). This resulted in 6001 publications. There were 677 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 15.
- Cluster 1 (red) covers literature focusing on Public health strategies, treatment, and the global impact of COVID-19.
- Cluster 2 (green) includes literature on the role of existing drugs and vaccines in the current pandemic.
- Cluster 3 (blue) focuses on demographics and risk factors.
- Cluster 4 (yellow) covers literature concentrated on understanding the nature of the virus.
- Cluster 5 (Purple) addresses the association between COVID-19 and mental health.
We find it interesting that there does not seem to be a big shift in publication focus from earlier in the pandemic; however, expect this to change as more time has elapsed, allowing for other types of studies to mature and be ready for publication, especially on topics relating to social consequences of the pandemic.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pandemic | sars | female | clinical laboratory techniques | surveys and questionnaires |
coronavirus infection | antiviral agents | male | rna, viral | anxiety |
viral pneumonia | animals | middle aged | real time polymerase chain reaction | prevalence |
betacoronavirus | antibodies, viral | adult | viruses | mental health |
italy | hydroxychloroquine | aged | pneumonia | cross-sectional studies |
united states | cytokines | china | sensitivity and specificity | depression |
telemedicine | inflammation | risk factor | reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction | stress, psychological |
quarantine | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | young adult | epidemiology | cancer |
public health | viral vaccines | retrospective studies | zoonosis | health knowledge, attitudes, practice |
personal protective equipment | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | aged, 80 and over | nasopharynx | fear |
disease outbreaks | cytokine release syndrome | adolescent | infection | social media |
infection control | thrombosis | children | immunoglobulin g | family |
pregnancy | cardiovascular diseases | treatment outcome | respiratory infections | olfaction disorders |
health personnel | vaccine | severity of illness index | outbreak | students |
spain | renin-angiotensin system | lung | transmission | adaptation, psychological |
cities | influenza, human | hospitalization | serological test | communication |
incidence | mice | time factors | patient selection | stress |
air pollution | angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | prognosis | viral load | emotions |
practice guidelines as topic | chloroquine | tomography, x-ray computed | immunoglobulin m | smell |
global health | immunologic factors | risk assessment | diagnosis, differential | ageusia |
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to July 13th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed July 13th: 30116 publications. There were 1835 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method. The minimum cluster size was set to 25.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | telemedicine | coronavirus infection | sars | female |
epidemiology | personal protective equipment | viral pneumonia | animals | male |
hydroxychloroquine | mental health | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult |
infectious diseases | anxiety | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged |
infection | surveys and questionnaires | china | outbreak | aged |
mortality | depression | disease outbreaks | viruses | clinical laboratory techniques |
ace2 | social distancing | public health | mers | children |
chloroquine | prevention | infection control | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | young adult |
inflammation | cross-sectional studies | quarantine | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | tomography, x-ray computed |
cytokines | stress, psychological | epidemic | genome, viral | adolescent |
acute respiratory distress syndrome | healthcare workers | travel | viral vaccines | risk factor |
treatment | triage | global health | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies |
cardiovascular diseases | masks | united states | respiratory infections | lung |
critical illness | surgery | italy | vaccine | aged, 80 and over |
diagnosis | safety | health personnel | clinical trials as topic | fever |
hypertension | guidelines | intensive care units | phylogeny | infant |
cytokine storm | knowledge | critical care | chiroptera | child, preschool |
diabetes mellitus | cancer | time factors | transmission | cough |
ards | stress | practice guidelines as topic | wuhan | real time polymerase chain reaction |
lopinavir | ethics | world health organization | receptors, virus | comorbidity |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | mental health services | health policy | immunization, passive | pregnancy |
remdesivir | lockdown | contact tracing | medicine, chinese traditional | hospitalization |
ritonavir | education | united kingdom | antibodies, monoclonal | severity of illness index |
tocilizumab | disinfection | infectious disease transmission, patient-to-professional | alanine | prognosis |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | patient care | risk assessment | adenosine monophosphate | age factors |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to July 6th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed July 6th: 28256 publications. There were 1732 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | coronavirus infection | sars | female | mental health |
epidemiology | viral pneumonia | animals | male | anxiety |
outbreak | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult | depression |
telemedicine | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged | fear |
viruses | china | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | aged | stress |
infection | disease outbreaks | hydroxychloroquine | clinical laboratory techniques | social support |
infectious diseases | public health | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult | emotions |
mortality | infection control | genome, viral | children | psychological distress |
inflammation | quarantine | chloroquine | tomography, x-ray computed | medical staff |
cardiovascular diseases | epidemic | viral vaccines | adolescent | anxiety disorders |
treatment | travel | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies | health status |
respiratory infections | global health | ace2 | lung | quality of life |
transmission | italy | phylogeny | risk factor | sleep |
prevention | united states | clinical trials as topic | fever | asian continental ancestry group |
hypertension | personal protective equipment | chiroptera | aged, 80 and over | follow-up studies |
diagnosis | health personnel | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus | infant | resilience, psychological |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | time factors | mers | child, preschool | workforce |
ards | practice guidelines as topic | cytokines | cough | dementia |
diabetes mellitus | critical care | wuhan | comorbidity | suicide |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | contact tracing | receptors, virus | pregnancy | ptsd |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to June 29th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed June 29th: 26187 publications. There were 1789 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | coronavirus infection | sars | female | mental health |
epidemiology | viral pneumonia | animals | male | anxiety |
outbreak | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult | depression |
telemedicine | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged | fear |
viruses | china | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | aged | stress |
infection | disease outbreaks | hydroxychloroquine | clinical laboratory techniques | social support |
infectious diseases | public health | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult | emotions |
mortality | infection control | genome, viral | children | psychological distress |
inflammation | quarantine | chloroquine | tomography, x-ray computed | medical staff |
cardiovascular diseases | epidemic | viral vaccines | adolescent | anxiety disorders |
treatment | travel | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies | health status |
respiratory infections | global health | ace2 | lung | quality of life |
transmission | italy | phylogeny | risk factor | sleep |
prevention | united states | clinical trials as topic | fever | asian continental ancestry group |
hypertension | personal protective equipment | chiroptera | aged, 80 and over | follow-up studies |
diagnosis | health personnel | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus | infant | resilience, psychological |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | time factors | mers | child, preschool | workforce |
ards | practice guidelines as topic | cytokines | cough | dementia |
diabetes mellitus | critical care | wuhan | comorbidity | suicide |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | contact tracing | receptors, virus | pregnancy | ptsd |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to June 22nd, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed June 22nd: 24167 publications. There were 1656 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | coronavirus infection | sars | female | mental health |
epidemiology | viral pneumonia | animals | male | anxiety |
outbreak | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult | depression |
telemedicine | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged | fear |
viruses | china | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | aged | stress |
infection | disease outbreaks | hydroxychloroquine | clinical laboratory techniques | social support |
infectious diseases | public health | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult | emotions |
mortality | infection control | genome, viral | children | psychological distress |
inflammation | quarantine | chloroquine | tomography, x-ray computed | medical staff |
cardiovascular diseases | epidemic | viral vaccines | adolescent | anxiety disorders |
treatment | travel | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies | health status |
respiratory infections | global health | ace2 | lung | quality of life |
transmission | italy | phylogeny | risk factor | sleep |
prevention | united states | clinical trials as topic | fever | asian continental ancestry group |
hypertension | personal protective equipment | chiroptera | aged, 80 and over | follow-up studies |
diagnosis | health personnel | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus | infant | resilience, psychological |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | time factors | mers | child, preschool | workforce |
ards | practice guidelines as topic | cytokines | cough | dementia |
diabetes mellitus | critical care | wuhan | comorbidity | suicide |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | contact tracing | receptors, virus | pregnancy | ptsd |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these the latest MAP and NET files, available through the Open Science Foundation (OSF) repository:
https://osf.io/54gqw/
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to June 15th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed June 15th: 22147 publications. There were 1535 keywords that occurred in five or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | coronavirus infection | sars | female | mental health |
epidemiology | viral pneumonia | animals | male | anxiety |
outbreak | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult | depression |
telemedicine | betacoronavirus | zoonosis | middle aged | fear |
viruses | china | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | aged | stress |
infection | disease outbreaks | hydroxychloroquine | clinical laboratory techniques | social support |
infectious diseases | public health | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | young adult | emotions |
mortality | infection control | genome, viral | children | psychological distress |
inflammation | quarantine | chloroquine | tomography, x-ray computed | medical staff |
cardiovascular diseases | epidemic | viral vaccines | adolescent | anxiety disorders |
treatment | travel | antibodies, viral | retrospective studies | health status |
respiratory infections | global health | ace2 | lung | quality of life |
transmission | italy | phylogeny | risk factor | sleep |
prevention | united states | clinical trials as topic | fever | asian continental ancestry group |
hypertension | personal protective equipment | chiroptera | aged, 80 and over | follow-up studies |
diagnosis | health personnel | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus | infant | resilience, psychological |
angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors | time factors | mers | child, preschool | workforce |
ards | practice guidelines as topic | cytokines | cough | dementia |
diabetes mellitus | critical care | wuhan | comorbidity | suicide |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | contact tracing | receptors, virus | pregnancy | ptsd |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these two files.
KeywordCoOccurrance5Inst1Resol1_20200615NETb
KeywordCoOccurrance5Inst1Resol1_20200615MAPb
The maps are created with the following “thesaurus” to clean the data:
Thesaurus20200601
Keyword Co-Occurrence Network Graph for the Overall Research Field on COVID-19 up to June 8th, 2020.
Corpus downloaded from PubMed June 8th: 19426 publications. There were 1814 keywords that occurred in four or more manuscripts. These divided into five main clusters. To create the map, we used the LinLog method.
Table of the most central keywords in each cluster
(Centrality measure used is weighted degree centrality/total link strength)
Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 |
pneumonia | coronavirus infection | sars | female | mental health |
epidemiology | viral pneumonia | animals | male | surveys and questionnaires |
outbreak | pandemic | antiviral agents | adult | anxiety |
zoonosis | betacoronavirus | peptidyl-dipeptidase a | middle aged | depression |
viruses | china | hydroxychloroquine | aged | cross-sectional studies |
telemedicine | disease outbreaks | spike glycoprotein, coronavirus | clinical laboratory techniques | knowledge |
infection | public health | genome, viral | children | fear |
infectious diseases | infection control | chloroquine | young adult | stress |
mortality | quarantine | viral vaccines | tomography, x-ray computed | social support |
treatment | travel | antibodies, viral | adolescent | emotions |
wuhan | epidemic | phylogeny | lung | medical staff |
respiratory infections | global health | ace2 | retrospective studies | psychological distress |
transmission | italy | clinical trials as topic | risk factor | nursing homes |
prevention | united states | chiroptera | fever | anxiety disorders |
diagnosis | personal protective equipment | inflammation | aged, 80 and over | health status |
novel coronavirus pneumonia | health personnel | cardiovascular diseases | infant | quality of life |
safety | time factors | middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus | cough | asian continental ancestry group |
telehealth | practice guidelines as topic | mers | child, preschool | sleep |
influenza | critical care | cytokines | comorbidity | pharmacists |
virology | contact tracing | receptors, virus | pregnancy | resilience, psychological |
Cluster description in progress
To open the map directly in VOSviewer, please use these two files.
KeywordCoOccurrance4Inst1Resol1_20200608NET
KeywordCoOccurrance4Inst1Resol1_20200608MAP
The maps are created with the following “thesaurus” to clean the data:
Thesaurus20200601